The presentation of one or more hot swollen joints raises a number of diagnostic possibilities but septic arthritis should always be suspected. This is the most important diagnosis to exclude as, if left untreated, the sequelae include permanent joint damage, impairment of function and even death. The elderly and very young are at particular risk of severe joint infection, complications and poor outcome.
This is a companion discussion topic for the original article at https://patient.info/doctor/history-examination/hot-swollen-joints